Lettre 13

A very good round-up by Zvi Bar’el of Haaretz about what the Palestinians are enduring in Iraq.

This is not the nation’s largest minority, but it is apparently the most persecuted. Testimony by Palestinian refugees to journalists and human rights organizations paints a very grave picture: Iraqi gangs break into Palestinian homes at night and demand the residents leave within 24 hours. In isolated cases, Palestinians have been kidnapped on the street or at work, and their bodies have been found several days later, in ditches or garbage cans.

Unlike the 2 million Iraqi refugees who have left their homeland, Palestinians usually carry no documents bearing witness to their Iraqi citizenship, or anything that would permit them entry into neighboring Arab states, like Jordan or Syria.

Zvi Bar’el, Refugees, twice over, Haaretz.com

Palestinians are also part of a larger trend as Patrick Cockburn shows in The Independent:

Iraq’s minorities, some of the oldest communities in the world, are being driven from the country by a wave of violence against them because they are identified with the occupation and easy targets for kidnappers and death squads. A “huge exodus” is now taking place, according to a report by Minority Rights Group International.

The UN High Commissioner for Refugees says 30 per cent of the 1.8 million Iraqis who have fled to Jordan, Syria and elsewhere come from the minorities.

Patrick Cockburn, ‘Exodus’ of Iraq’s ancient minorities, The Independent

Meanwhile, Rami G. Khouri is predicting that the Arab world is at a historic crossroad and that the current modern Arab state order that was created by the Europeans in circa 1920 has started to break down, in what we might perhaps call the Great Arab Unraveling. He adds that the way the US is pursuing its policy in the Midlle-East produce a murky picture.

The pervasive incoherence of this bizarre picture makes it perfectly routine for Arab monarchies to support Salafist terrorists, for Western democracies to ignore the results of Arab free elections, for Iranians and Arabs, and Shiites and Sunnis, to work hand in hand while also fighting bitter wars, for Islamists and secular Arabs to join forces, for freedom lovers in London and Washington to support seasoned Arab autocrats, for Western and Arab rule-of-law advocates to sponsor militias, and for Israel and the US to perpetuate Israeli policies that exacerbate rather than calm security threats and vulnerabilities in the region.

Rami G. Khouri, Prepare for the Great Arab Unraveling, The Daily Star

There’s an excellent introduction on Shiism by Mike Shuster of NPR available as a podcast.

Mike Shuster, The Partisans of Ali: A Series Overview, NPR (mp3)

See also the reading list.

I discovered the hard way that in PHP5 there are no obvious ways to detect if some XML is well-formed, especially if you want to deploy on Unix/Windows platform and don’t want to access the shell directly.

Adding to this problem, I discovered also that the DOM and simplexml extensions can’t use the PHP5 exception handling to trap the errors when the XML is not well-formed. Using simplexml or the DOM extensions against not well-formed XML, the errors generated by these extensions are not trapped and are displayed immediately.

It’s possible to load with the DOM or the Tidy extensions not well-formed XML, and then repair it on the fly. But what if you need to detect not well-formed XML and provide a message stating the error?

Fortunately, after some research, I found that you could use the libxml functions (PHP 5.1 and over) to test XML well formedness and trap XML errors. So, I wiped out this little function called get_xml_object (see here for the inspiration) that allow me to trap errors when simplexml is used to parse XML. The function is quite simple, by default, you provide a path to a XML file. If you want to use a string, just add another argument after the first parameter (it can’t be anything, but here’s I chose “string” for clarity sakes). You can also replace the simplexml extension by the DOM extensions if you prefer this extension to parse XML.

The function get_xml_object will return an array that contains two keys, errors and xml. In this example, $result=get_xml_object($s, "string"), $result is an array. If there are no errors, $result['errors'] will be set to null. If everything is ok, $result['xml'] will contains a simplexml object that you can then manipulate with the simplexml extension.

$s = "tag>hello world</tag>";
// $s = "<tag>hello world</tag>";

function get_xml_object ($xml, $xmlFormat="file") {

  $xml_object = null;
  $result = array ("errors" => null, "xml" => null);

  libxml_use_internal_errors (true);
  $xmlFormat == "file"  ? $xml_object = simplexml_load_file ($xml)
                        : $xml_object = simplexml_load_string ($xml);

  if (!$xml_object) {
     $errors = libxml_get_errors();
     foreach ($errors as $error) {
         $error_msg = "Error: line: " . $error->line
                    . ": column: " . $error->column . ": "
                    . $error->message . "n";
     }
     libxml_clear_errors();
     $result["errors"] = $error_msg;
  } else {
    $result["xml"] = $xml_object;
  }
  return $result;
}

$result = get_xml_object ($s, "string");

if ($result['errors']) {
  var_dump ($result['errors']);
} else {
  var_dump ($result['xml']);
}

Zvi Bar’el, one of my favorite political analyst have a somber evaluation of the situation one year after the election of Hamas.

(…) even if Haniyeh starts wearing a skullcap and Khaled Meshal begins humming Hatikva, and even if Abbas makes it mandatory to teach the heroic story of Masada in Palestinian schools, Israel does not want and is unable to propose a diplomatic alternative that would lead to the establishment of an independent and democratic Palestinian state. It does not want to - because any such proposal would mean a withdrawal from most of the territories and the dismantling of most of the settlements. It is unable to - because there is no government of Israel. After all, even when it appeared that there was a government in Israel, not a single measly illegal outpost was removed; this is a non-government that has transformed the disengagement from Gaza from a national trauma to a housing trauma; and in Hebron, or in Mount Hebron to be more precise, the sovereign provides free protection to a bunch of hooligans.

Zvi Bar’el, As long as we impose sanctions, Haaretz.com

It seems to me that the Palestinians are hostage of their political representatives notwithstanding the Israel intransigence and the completely stupid response from the Quartet to the election of Hamas.

It is the first time in history, according to the UN’s John Duggard, that an occupied people have been subject to international sanctions, especially sanctions of this magnitude and rigor.

And then there’s that other story: the one about a people forgotten in all of this. Who will relay their narrative?

Laila El-Haddad, Hamas in power: one year on, Raising Yousuf: a diary of a mother under occupation

See also Laila El-Haddad’s interview that narrate the social dislocation in Gaza. (mp3)

Jimmy Carter still amazes me. He gave a conference about his last book (Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid) at an American nondenominational Jewish university and received a standing ovation.

Nathaniel Popper, Carter Wins Over Student Crowd at Brandeis, Receives Ovation, Forward.com

See also Jimmy Carter defends new book on Middle East for the podcast of this conference (mp3)

SyriaComment.com: What is New about Bush’s New Strategy?

Sacrificing political stability in Somalia for three al-Qaida operatives is terrible math. Even more troubling is the continued escalation toward Iran. Beefing up Gulf defenses by sending additional battle ships to the region, leaked Israeli plans to use nuclear bunker busters against Iran’s facilities, and promises to provide Patriot missiles to the Arab Gulf states all suggest that Bush is expanding the battle field in the hope that US fortunes in Iraq will be reversed if Washington can claim victory elsewhere. The problem with this strategy is that it builds on the erroneous presumption that the US is in a war against “evil.” Rather than disaggregating struggles in Palestine, the Horn of Africa, Lebanon, Iran, Afghanistan, and Iraq in order to deal with each separately, Washington is stubbornly gluing them together in one super war on radical Islam. We are pretending they are all directed by al-Qaida and a nebulous enemy of freedom and liberty. This is not the enemy that exists. There is no command central. Moreover, we cannot destroy an idea with firepower. By pursuing this false war with greater determination, the US is ensuring failure with greater determination.

This an excellent recapitulation on all the battle fronts the White House is opening in the Middle-East (Iraq, Iran, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine) and the Horn of Africa (Ethiopia/Somalia). It’s quite scary. You have the feeling that there’s no check and balance from the Congress, and that Bush/Cheney will be able to do as they like.

The drums of war are even more beating here if you believe Zbigniew Brzezinski:

…this is what really worries me. There are hints in the president’s speech and in Rice’s testimony today about the possibility of escalation, not necessarily in the number of troops, but in the range of the military operations, namely perhaps against Syria or Iran.

And the incident with the Iranian consulate, the rhetoric about Iran, the increasing temptation to blame our failure on the Iranians and the Syrians could push us in that direction. And there are a lot of people still around here, particularly the neocons, who would like us to have a crack at Iran.

and

I think it reflects, on the one hand, desperation, on the other hand, a kind of fanatical commitment which I think is detached from reality.
Jim Lehrer: From the United States?
Zbigniew Brzezinski: Of the United States and of presidential leadership. And don’t forget that, even the existing policy, short of the widened war with Iran and Syria, does not have the support of the three still-living former presidents, and one who recently died, who went public on record as opposing the current policy.

And that means a total exclusion of any rational regional effort to get a political process going of the kind that the Baker-Hamilton commission spoke and which I think very rightly advocated.

Online NewsHours: Plan to Increase Troop Numbers Comes Under Broad Scrutiny (mp3)

etherworks: 2006 is over, and I won’t miss it.

Deux récentes émissions en baladodiffusion qui valent le détour. L’une sur la parution des deux derniers tomes de la traduction des Mille et une Nuits en Pléiade, et l’autre sur le jeu dans la France moderne (XVIe-XVIIIe siècle) où l’on peut faire bien des parallèles avec le discours actuel sur le jeu tenu par les sociétés d’État, notamment, Loto-Québec (le jeu comme adjuvant monétaire de l’État, le monopole étatique du jeu comme nécessité contre l’emprise de la pègre).

Cultures d’Islam
Les Mille et une Nuits (mp3)

Concordance des temps
Jouer autrefois : essai sur le jeu dans la France moderne (XVIe-XVIIIe siècle) (mp3)

There is very good news to FreeBSD aficionados like myself. This site is hosted on a FreeBSD VPS (Virtual Private Server) at the excellent JohnCompanies. The FreeBSD VPS is basically a jail. What I miss from the Linux VPS counterpart is the possibility to add more IP addresses, something that is not currently possible with jail. But this will be possible in the future for FreeBSD VPS.

The FreeBSD Foundation has negotiated a joint technology development agreement with NLNet and the University of Zagreb to develop virtualized network stack support for FreeBSD. With the generous sponsorship of NLNet, the FreeBSD Foundation has contracted Marko Zec at the University of Zagreb with the goal of producing a prototype implementation on FreeBSD 7-CURRENT in early 2007. Network stack virtualization allows complete networking independence between jails on a system, including giving each jail their own firewall, virtual network interfaces, rate limiting, routing tables, and IPSEC configurations. This powerful tool extends jails toward full operating system virtualization and addresses many of the known limitations of jails.

http://www.freebsdfoundation.org/press/2006Dec-newsletter.shtml#Network

With Path Finder 4.6.1, when you close a window with tabs, you get an alert that’s asking if you really want to close all the tabs. This is very annoying. On the Path Finder forum, there is a mention of that, its supposed to be on the todo list for the developpers. Mainwhile, you can use this AppleScript if you want to get rid of the warning. Just put the script in your AppleScript Menu, or better, in your FastScripts menu, set a shortcut (mine is control-w) and there you go. Its not ideal, and I rather attach this script to the File menu of Path Finder, but for that, you need PreFab UI Actions because Path Finder is not “AppleScript attachable”. Well, that’s another reason tempting me to buy this app, and also PreFab UI Browser.

tell application "Path Finder"
  activate
  try
    set allWindows to every finder window
    set mainWindow to item 1 of allWindows
    set go to true
    repeat while go
      try
        set mainWindowName to name of mainWindow as string
        if mainWindowName is equal to "" then return
        tell application "System Events"
          keystroke "w" using command down
        end tell
      on error
        return
      end try
    end repeat
  on error
    return
  end try
end tell

So the only way I have found is to ask each time for the name of the front window, and if the name doesn’t exist, then it means that there are no more windows to process. Since we took a reference to the main window with set mainWindow to item 1 of allWindows, this made sure that we won’t close a Path Finder window that is behind the main Path Finder window.

Jimmy Carter, Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid, 2006.

I was astonished to hear Jimmy Carter talking on an American network television in such a way when he gave an interview about his last book on the NewsHour (PBS). Ok, its PBS, but still, his critics of Israel are coming from an ex US President. You should hear the mp3 that add more humanity to the whole thing. But I tend to disagree with his assessment, when he put the onus of the occupation only on the settler and seems to separate them from the state apparatus.

And let me get to the word “apartheid.” Apartheid doesn’t apply at all, as I made plain in my book, anything that relates to Israel to the nation. It doesn’t imply anything as it relates to racism. This apartheid, which is prevalent throughout the occupied territories, the subjection of the Palestinians to horrible abuse, is caused by a minority of Israelis — we’re not talking about racism, but talking about their desire to acquire, to occupy, to confiscate, and then to colonize Palestinian land.

So the whole system is designed to separate through a ferocious system Israelis who live on Palestine territory and Palestinians who want to live on their own territory.

Jimmy Carter, Former President Jimmy Carter Examines Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Online NewsHour, (mp3)

Helena Cobban point to the flaws of the argumentation of Jimmy Carter.

If I were Jimmy Carter, which I’m not, I would have noted that there are indeed many many things that Israel’s projects in the occupied West Bank and Golan have in common with South African apartheid, and very few if any of them have to do with skin color. (US citizens have this hang-up about skin color issues, which goes back deep in their collective past, obviously. Their common understanding of the word ‘racism’, for example, completely limits it to discrimination based on skin color, unlike just about everywhere else in the world where ‘racism’ has a far broader meaning.)

The term “Bantustans” is generally appropriate in both cases.

Helena Cobban, If I Were Jimmy Carter…, Just World News

What Helena Cobban is saying is that this form of discrimination is deeply rooted in the state apparatus of Israel, even, if, following the pools in Israel, the majority of the civil society is against this occupation (and there is numerous Israeli groups that works against this occupation).

Voici quelques émissions quotidiennes (lundi au vendredi) en baladodiffusion que je recommande pour faire le tour de l’actualité. En fait d’émissions, on pourrait plutôt parler d’un format qui s’apparente aux bulletins de nouvelles et aux commentaires d’opinion. La durée de ces émissions est entre 3 et 15 minutes. Je trouve que c’est une bonne façon de commencer la journée, si vous êtes comme moi, intéressé par l’actualité mondiale.

La chronique d’Alexandre Adler (France Culture)

Opinion d’un observateur chevronné de la politique mondiale. M. Adler laisse tomber les évidences et essaie d’expliquer ce qu’il y a derrière des évènements internationaux.

La revue de presse européenne avec Cécile De Kervasdoué (France Culture)

Comment l’Europe voit le monde. Couvre la plupart des grands quotidiens européens à partir d’un ou deux évènements marquants récents.

Géopolitique avec Bernard Guetta (France Inter)

Dans la même veine qu’Alexandre Adler, mais un peu moins original et plus attendu. Mais en général toujours intéressant.

New York Times Washington Report (New York Times)

Excellent bulletin sur ce qui se passe à Washington. Avec un ton réservé, sans inflations, ce bulletin analyse les évènements avec acidité et sans complaisance. La diffusion est par contre irrégulière.

World Today Select (BBC)

Un bulletin d’une quinzaine de minutes produit par la BBC. Pas en tant que telle une revue de l’actualité, bien que cette dernière est présente, mais plutôt une émission qui reviendra sur des questions marquantes qui sont souvent peu couvertes par les autres médias.

–

Quoi, rien du Québec et du Canada ? Hé oui, l’offre en baladodiffusion concernant l’actualité est assez nulle à mon avis. On y reviendra.